We have a number of vertebrae from sharks that have stranded on New England shorelines over the years. This high level makes sharks blood isotonic to sea water, so the shark lives in osmotic balance with its environment and has a kidney that functions like ours with the exception that far more urea is reabsorbed in the shark's tubules than in ours. They have a skeleton with a spine, skull etc. by modification of the skeletal rods that previously supported the anterior pharyngeal gill slits. It is a bit alarming, but sharks do not have bones. Only scales have been recovered from the first sharks and not all paleontologists agree that these are from true sharks, suspecting that these scales are actually those of thelodont agnathans. Cartilaginous fish like the sharks, have vertebrae of cartilage. What do lampreys, sharks, snakes, turtles, and cats have that a hagfish lacks? The fact that sharks have cartilage instead of bone is extremely beneficial. Because cartilage is also extensively durable and flexible, sharks have the ability to have tight radius turns. Modern sharks have skeletons of a peculiar tissue called prismatic calcified cartilage: cartilage that is mineralised, not as solid sheets, but as a mosaic of tiny mineral prisms. Dorsally is a neural arch to protect the nerve cord, which is always on top of the notochord. Their skeletons are made mostly of cartilage and not actual bone, being of a more ancient classification of fish in evolutionary terms. Most species have 5-7 gill slits on each side of their body. Cartilage is lighter than bone; this helps the shark stay afloat. At this stage, the elements are all present. Vertebrae contain concentric pairs of opaque and translucent bands. Evidence for the existence of sharks dates from the Ordovician period, 450–420 million years ago, before land vertebrates existed and before a variety of plants had colonized the continents. “Are sharks vertebrates?” Yes, sharks are vertebrates. Cartilage is flexible and less dense than bone. Species in this class have paired fins, hard scales, a two-chambered heart, and a pair of nostrils. vertebrae. but they have no bones. Some species produce eggs case, others give birth to live young. feeding. PO Box 97 14200 Solomons Island Road Solomons, MD 20688 Ph: 410-326-2042 Fx: 410-326-6691 Email Us I cut the vertebrae in half and take a thin section. Jaws evolved _____. That why, when you find fossils of sharks, you find teeth and vertebrae but no other bones! The central piece (centrum) is hollow and surrounds the notochord. Scientists age sharks by counting the rings on their vertebrae. Sharks do have backbones, making them vertebrates. 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